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Figure 2. Geomorphic landforms associated with river valleys. The active channel includes the wetted channel (WC) and channel surface exposed during low flow (AC). Floodplains (FP) are located between the active channel and hillslope (HS).
Figure 3. Map of the valley floor of Lookout Creek, a tributary in the McKenzie River basin in Oregon. In the upstream section in the upper right corner, width of the valley is more than four times the active channel width and is considered an unconstrained reach. Note the secondary channels and complex floodplains of the unconstrained reach. The downstream section is a constrained reach, with a valley width less than twice the active channel width.
Figure 5. Typical patterns of riparian plant communities associated with different geomorphic surfaces of river valleys in the Pacific Northwest. Scattered patches of grasses and herbs occur on exposed portions of the active channel (AC), but little terrestrial vegetation is found within the low-flow wetted channel (WC). Floodplains (FP) include mosaics of herbs, shrubs, and deciduous trees. Conifers are scattered along floodplains and dominate older surfaces. The overstory species in riparian forests on lower hillslopes (HS) consist primarily of conifers. |
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文章 : 英语