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Détails
| Format : | Livre |
|---|---|
| Tous les auteurs / collaborateurs : |
Barbara London; et al |
| ISBN : | 0130282715 9780130282712 |
| Numéro OCLC : | 46713247 |
| Description : | vii, 426 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm. |
| Contenu : | Preface -- 1. Getting started -- Camera and film -- Loading film into the camera -- Focusing and setting the exposure -- Taking your picture -- What will you photograph? -- Some basic guidelines to get you started -- Photographing people -- Photographing places -- 2. Camera -- Basic camera controls -- The shutter -- The shutter and light -- The shutter and motion -- Conveying motion in a still photograph -- The aperture -- The aperture and light -- The aperture and depth of field -- Using shutter and aperture together -- Choosing a camera -- Special-purpose cameras -- Keeping the camera steady -- Photographer at work : photojournalist James Nachtwey -- 3. Lens -- From pinhole to lens -- Lens focal length -- Normal focal length -- Long focal length -- Short focal length -- Zoom lenses -- Special-purpose lenses -- Manual focus -- Automatic focus -- Focusing your lens -- Focus and depth of field -- Controlling depth of field -- Zone focusing -- Focusing on the hyperfocal distance -- Perspective -- How to make a close-up photograph -- Close-up equipment -- Close-up exposures -- Guidelines for buying a lens -- Getting the most from your camera and lens -- 4. Light and film -- Selecting and using film -- Film speed -- Film speed and grain -- Fast film - when speed is essential -- Medium-speed and slow films - for maximum detail -- Instant films -- How film responds to light -- Characteristic curves -- How black-and-white film records color -- Infrared film -- Using filters -- Photographer at work : another angle on sports - Walter Iooss -- 5. Exposure -- Exposure basics -- Equivalent exposures -- How exposure meters work -- In-camera exposure meters -- Automatic exposure -- How to meter -- An overall reading of a scene with average tones -- Using different types of meters -- Metering high-contrast scenes -- Exposing for specific tones -- Hard-to-meter scenes -- Bracketing exposures -- Using exposure -- 6. Developing the negative -- How to process black-and-white roll film -- Equipment and supplies you'll need -- Processing chemicals and how to handle them -- Chemical safety -- Processing black-and-white roll film step by step -- How film processing affects your picture -- How developer and fixer affect a negative -- How time and temperature affect development -- The importance of proper agitation and fresh solutions -- The need for careful washing and drying -- Exposure and development : under, normal, over -- Push processing -- 7. Printing the negative -- Black-and-white printing -- Equipment and supplies for printing -- The enlarger -- Printing papers -- Making a black-and-white print step by step -- A contact sheet : a whole roll at once -- Setting up an enlargement -- A test strip for your print -- A trial print - and eventually a final print -- Processing a black-and-white print -- Evaluating density and contrast in a print -- Controlling contrast -- Graded-contrast and variable-contrast papers -- Dodging and burning -- Cropping -- Archival processing for maximum permanence -- Toning for color and other effects -- 8. Finishing and mounting -- Spotting to remove minor flaws -- Mounting a print -- Equipment and supplies you'll need -- Dry mounting -- Cutting an overmat -- 9. Color -- Color : additive or subtractive -- Color photographs : three image layers -- Choosing a color film -- Instant color films -- Exposure latitude -- How much can exposures vary? -- Color balance -- Color temperature and the color balance of film -- Filters to balance color -- Color casts -- Color changes throughout the day -- Developing color film -- Making a color print from a negative -- Equipment and materials you'll need -- Exposing a test print -- Judging density in a print made from a negative -- Judging color balance in a print made from a negative -- More about color balance and print finishing -- Making a color print from a transparency -- Judging a print made from a transparency -- Photographer at work : advertising photographer Clint Clemens -- 10. Digital camera -- A computer with a lens -- Pictures into pixels -- Using a digital camera -- GEtting started -- Memory and resolution -- Choosing the quality you need -- Monitors and viewfinders : seeing what you've got -- Delays and focal length : longer than you would expect -- Setting the ISO frame by frame -- Contrast and exposure control -- Color balance -- Choosing a digital camera -- 11. Digital darkroom -- Digital imaging : an overview -- Scanning a photograph -- The digital photograph -- Image size, resolution, and file size -- Working memory, storage, and transmission -- Your work area and tools -- Selection tools -- Preparation : repositioning and cropping -- Adjusting the image overall -- Adjusting color balance -- Making tonal adjustments -- Compositing -- Using layers -- Other adjustments -- Converting color to black and white -- Filters for special effects -- Printing and display -- Printing -- The Internet : resource and gallery -- CD-ROMs -- Ethics and digital imaging -- Using digital imaging -- Enhancing reality -- Going beyond reality -- Photographer at work : merging photography and illustration - William Duke -- 12. Lighting -- Direction of light -- Degree of diffusion : from hard to soft light -- Available light - outdoors -- Available light - indoors -- Artificial light -- Lights and other lighting equipment -- Qualities of artificial light -- The main light : the dominant source -- The fill light : to lighten shadows -- Lighting with flash -- Flash equipment -- Basic flash techniques -- Manual flash exposures -- Automatic flash exposures -- Fill flash : to lighten shadows -- Controlling background brightness -- Simple portrait lighting -- Multiple-light portrait setups -- Lighting textures objects -- Lighting reflective objects -- LIghting translucent objects -- Using lighting -- Photographer at work : dance photographer Lois Greenfield -- 13. Special techniques -- Copying techniques -- Pinhole photography -- Special printing techniques -- A photogram : a cameraless picture -- A Sabattier print : part positive, part negative -- Alternative processes -- Cyanotpying -- Platinum and palladium printing -- Cross processing -- Image transfer -- Hand coloring -- Painting with light -- 14. View camera -- Inside a view camera -- View camera movements -- Rise and fall -- Shift -- Tilt -- Swing -- Using a view camera to control the image -- Controlling the plane of focus -- Controlling perspective -- Equipment you'll need -- What to do first - and next -- Loading and processing sheet film -- 15. The zone system -- The zone system scales -- Using the zone scale while metering -- Placing a tone, seeing where other tones fall -- How development controls contrast -- Putting it all together -- Roll film and color film -- Photographer at work : using the zone system - John Sexton -- 16. Seeing photographs -- Basic choices -- Content -- Framing the subject -- Backgrounds -- Basic design -- Spot/line -- Shape/pattern -- Emphasis/balance -- More choices -- Using contrasts of sharpness -- Using contrasts of light and dark -- Placing the subject within the frame -- Perspective and point of view -- Looking at - and talking about photographs -- Showing your work to editors and others -- 17. History of photography -- The invention of photography -- Daguerreotype : "Designs on silver bright" -- Calotype : pictures on paper -- Collodion wet-plate : sharp and reproducible -- Gelatin emulsion/roll-film base : photography for everyone -- Color photography -- Early portraits -- Early travel photography -- Time and motion in early photographs -- Early images of war -- Time and motion in early photographs -- The photograph as document -- Photography and social change -- Photojournalism -- Photography as art in the 19th century -- Pictorial photography and the photo-secession -- The direct image in art -- The quest for a new vision -- Photography as art in the 1950s and beyond -- A gallery of contemporary photography -- Troubleshooting -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Credits -- Index -- Light meter. |
| Responsabilité : | Barbara London ... [et al.]. |
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de andinach mise à jour 2009-09-03