Millet, Pierre (1961-....; électrochimiste)
Overview
| Works: | 26 works in 32 publications in 2 languages and 36 library holdings |
|---|---|
| Roles: | Opponent, Thesis advisor, Other, Author, Instrumentalist |
| Classifications: | QD553, 621.312429 |
Publication Timeline
.
Most widely held works by
Pierre Millet
PEM water electrolysis by
D. G Bessarabov(
Book
)
1 edition published in 2018 in English and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
1 edition published in 2018 in English and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Films d'épaisseurs nanométriques de Pd sur Pt(111) : élaboration, caractérisations et étude de l'électro-insertion de
l'hydrogène by
Chrystelle Lebouin(
Book
)
2 editions published in 2008 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Ultrathin palladium films (nanofilms) were deposited on Pt(ll1) single crystal in a chloride-containing electrolyte. Morphological and structural characterization of these deposits, carried out electrochemically, through hydrogen UPD in sulphuric acid and with AFM ex situ and SXRD in situ measurements, show pseudomorphy and low atomic roughness of the deposits. The electrochemical hydrogen insertion isotherm in these nanofilms shows enlargement of solid solution sOlubility, a sloppy plateau in the two-phase domain and a decrease of the maximum insertion rate compared to bulk Pd, depending on thickness. An effect of the Pt(1l1) substrate on insertion has been identified by SXRD in situ measurements. Kinetic measurements were carried out by electrochemical Impedance spectroscopy on nanofilms. Insertion in Pd nanoparticles was studied in gas phase, where no hydrogen evolution occurs. Pneumatochemical impedance spectra were deduced from these measurements
2 editions published in 2008 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Ultrathin palladium films (nanofilms) were deposited on Pt(ll1) single crystal in a chloride-containing electrolyte. Morphological and structural characterization of these deposits, carried out electrochemically, through hydrogen UPD in sulphuric acid and with AFM ex situ and SXRD in situ measurements, show pseudomorphy and low atomic roughness of the deposits. The electrochemical hydrogen insertion isotherm in these nanofilms shows enlargement of solid solution sOlubility, a sloppy plateau in the two-phase domain and a decrease of the maximum insertion rate compared to bulk Pd, depending on thickness. An effect of the Pt(1l1) substrate on insertion has been identified by SXRD in situ measurements. Kinetic measurements were carried out by electrochemical Impedance spectroscopy on nanofilms. Insertion in Pd nanoparticles was studied in gas phase, where no hydrogen evolution occurs. Pneumatochemical impedance spectra were deduced from these measurements
Vers le développement d'électrocatalyseurs de dégagement d'oxygène actifs et stables by
Fabien Claudel(
)
1 edition published in 2019 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
This thesis focuses on the study and the development of iridium-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers. This work investigates in particular electrocatalyst degradation phenomena and aims at reaching an optimal OER activity-stability ratio. Various electrocatalysts (supported on high-surface area carbon, supported on doped-metal oxides and unsupported) have been synthetized and characterized by electrochemical and physico-chemical methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, identical-location transmission electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Supported electrocatalysts feature stability limitations in OER conditions as revealed by agglomeration, coalescence, dissolution, and detachment of iridium oxide nanoparticles, these last two degradation mechanisms being amplified by corrosion of the carbon supports and dissolution of the elements composing the doped metal oxide supports. Unsupported electrocatalysts currently represent the best compromise between OER activity and stability. Ir(III) and Ir(V) oxides were shown to be the most active towards the OER while Ir(IV) oxide is the most stable, the least stable species being metallic iridium Ir(0). In real PEM water electrolyzers, the global electrolysis performance seems to be less impacted by the degradation of catalytic layers than the degradation of current collectors
1 edition published in 2019 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
This thesis focuses on the study and the development of iridium-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers. This work investigates in particular electrocatalyst degradation phenomena and aims at reaching an optimal OER activity-stability ratio. Various electrocatalysts (supported on high-surface area carbon, supported on doped-metal oxides and unsupported) have been synthetized and characterized by electrochemical and physico-chemical methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, identical-location transmission electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Supported electrocatalysts feature stability limitations in OER conditions as revealed by agglomeration, coalescence, dissolution, and detachment of iridium oxide nanoparticles, these last two degradation mechanisms being amplified by corrosion of the carbon supports and dissolution of the elements composing the doped metal oxide supports. Unsupported electrocatalysts currently represent the best compromise between OER activity and stability. Ir(III) and Ir(V) oxides were shown to be the most active towards the OER while Ir(IV) oxide is the most stable, the least stable species being metallic iridium Ir(0). In real PEM water electrolyzers, the global electrolysis performance seems to be less impacted by the degradation of catalytic layers than the degradation of current collectors
Caractérisation et optimisation de membranes métalliques composites pour la perméation de l'hydrogène gazeux by
Céline Decaux-Moueza(
Book
)
2 editions published in 2009 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Steam reforming of bio-fuels in catalytic membrane reactors can be used to produce pure hydrogen, which in turn can feed H2/O2 fuel cells for on-board applications in the automotive Industry. Hydrogen can be extracted and purified by permeation across a metallic membrane made of palladium alloy. The use of such membranes pose some treats : (i) the rate of permeation and life time increasing ; (ii) costs reduction (thin membranes developpment) ; (iii) high selectivity (no CO). For these reasons, there is a need to separately probe surface (chemi-dissociation) and bulk (H diffusion transport) contributions to the overall permeation rate. Pneumato-chemical impedance spectroscopy (PIS) which originally was developed for analyzing the dynamics of hydrogen sorption in metal hydride powders has been used for analyzing permeation. An experimental set-up (Sieverts type) has been constructed to collect raw thermodynamic and kinetic data and obtain experimental transfer functions. A model has been developped to obtain microscopic rate parameters associated with individual reaction steps (surface resistance and diffusion coefficient). Results are consistent with those obtained in stationary conditions of flow. In transient conditions of flow, shifts in rate-determining steps have been evidenced. The methodology has been used to characterize different alloys of palladium (palladium-silver and palladium-copper) and characterize a prototype permeator
2 editions published in 2009 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Steam reforming of bio-fuels in catalytic membrane reactors can be used to produce pure hydrogen, which in turn can feed H2/O2 fuel cells for on-board applications in the automotive Industry. Hydrogen can be extracted and purified by permeation across a metallic membrane made of palladium alloy. The use of such membranes pose some treats : (i) the rate of permeation and life time increasing ; (ii) costs reduction (thin membranes developpment) ; (iii) high selectivity (no CO). For these reasons, there is a need to separately probe surface (chemi-dissociation) and bulk (H diffusion transport) contributions to the overall permeation rate. Pneumato-chemical impedance spectroscopy (PIS) which originally was developed for analyzing the dynamics of hydrogen sorption in metal hydride powders has been used for analyzing permeation. An experimental set-up (Sieverts type) has been constructed to collect raw thermodynamic and kinetic data and obtain experimental transfer functions. A model has been developped to obtain microscopic rate parameters associated with individual reaction steps (surface resistance and diffusion coefficient). Results are consistent with those obtained in stationary conditions of flow. In transient conditions of flow, shifts in rate-determining steps have been evidenced. The methodology has been used to characterize different alloys of palladium (palladium-silver and palladium-copper) and characterize a prototype permeator
Préparation et optimisation d'ensembles électrode-membrane-électrode : application à l'électrolyse de l'eau by
Pierre Millet(
Book
)
2 editions published in 1989 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
UNE NOUVELLE PROCEDURE DE PREPARATION D'ENSEMBLES COMPOSITES ELECTRODE-MEMBRANE-ELECTRODE A ETE MISE AU POINT. CELLE-CI CONSISTE A ECHANGER UNE MEMBRANE DE TYPE PERFLUOROSULFONE AVEC UN OU DES SELS CATIONIQUES DE METAUX NOBLES (PLATINE, IRRIDIUM, RUTHENIUM...) PUIS A IMMERGER L'ENSEMBLE DANS UNE SOLUTION REDUCTRICE DE BOROHYDRURE DE SODIUM. EN JOUANT SUR LES DIFFERENTS PARAMETRES OPERATOIRES, IL EST POSSIBLE DE CONTROLER LA REDUCTION CHIMIQUE DE CES SELS DE FACON A CE QUE LE DEPOT METALLIQUE SOIT LOCALISE EN SURFACE DE LA MEMBRANE
2 editions published in 1989 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
UNE NOUVELLE PROCEDURE DE PREPARATION D'ENSEMBLES COMPOSITES ELECTRODE-MEMBRANE-ELECTRODE A ETE MISE AU POINT. CELLE-CI CONSISTE A ECHANGER UNE MEMBRANE DE TYPE PERFLUOROSULFONE AVEC UN OU DES SELS CATIONIQUES DE METAUX NOBLES (PLATINE, IRRIDIUM, RUTHENIUM...) PUIS A IMMERGER L'ENSEMBLE DANS UNE SOLUTION REDUCTRICE DE BOROHYDRURE DE SODIUM. EN JOUANT SUR LES DIFFERENTS PARAMETRES OPERATOIRES, IL EST POSSIBLE DE CONTROLER LA REDUCTION CHIMIQUE DE CES SELS DE FACON A CE QUE LE DEPOT METALLIQUE SOIT LOCALISE EN SURFACE DE LA MEMBRANE
Assemblages membrane-électrodes exempts de métaux précieux pour l'électrolyse de l'eau à électrolyte polymère solide by
Nsélé Mbemba Kiele(
Book
)
2 editions published in 2010 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The work presented here is related to the production of hydrogen and oxygen of electrolytic grade using SPE (Solid Polymer Electrolyte) water electrolysis. In state-of-the-art technology, noble metals are used as electro catalysts: platinum is used at the cathode for the hydrogen evolution reaction and iridium (or its oxides) is used at the anode for the oxygen evolution reaction. Because of their costs, noble metals are limiting the large scale development of this technology, in spite of other advantages. We report here on results obtained concerning the manufacturing and electrochemical characterization of noble-metals-free Membrane Electrode Assemblies (MEA). It is shown that polyoxometalates or cobalt clathrochelates can be used in place of platinum for the hydrogen evolution reaction and that molecular complexes of ruthenium can be used in place of iridium for the oxygen evolution reaction. Additional results related to the development and characterization of anion-conducting polymers are also presented. The electrochemical performances of these new SPE cells are compared to those measured on conventional cells with noble metals
2 editions published in 2010 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The work presented here is related to the production of hydrogen and oxygen of electrolytic grade using SPE (Solid Polymer Electrolyte) water electrolysis. In state-of-the-art technology, noble metals are used as electro catalysts: platinum is used at the cathode for the hydrogen evolution reaction and iridium (or its oxides) is used at the anode for the oxygen evolution reaction. Because of their costs, noble metals are limiting the large scale development of this technology, in spite of other advantages. We report here on results obtained concerning the manufacturing and electrochemical characterization of noble-metals-free Membrane Electrode Assemblies (MEA). It is shown that polyoxometalates or cobalt clathrochelates can be used in place of platinum for the hydrogen evolution reaction and that molecular complexes of ruthenium can be used in place of iridium for the oxygen evolution reaction. Additional results related to the development and characterization of anion-conducting polymers are also presented. The electrochemical performances of these new SPE cells are compared to those measured on conventional cells with noble metals
PEM water electrolysis by
D. G Bessarabov(
Book
)
2 editions published in 2018 in English and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cell Primers is a series of concise books that present those coming into this broad and multidisciplinary field the most recent advances in each of its particular topics. Its volumes bring together information that has thus far been scattered in many different sources under one single title, which makes them a useful reference for industry professionals, researchers and graduate students, especially those starting in a new topic of research. These volumes, PEM Water Electrolysis vol 1 and 2, allows these readers to identify the technology gaps for the development of commercially viable PEM electrolysis systems for energy applications. This primer examines the fundamentals of PEM electrolysis and selected research topics that are currently subject of attention by academic and industry community, such as gas cross-over and AST protocols. This lays the foundation for the exploration of the current industrial trends for PEM electrolysis, such as power to gas application, are discussed, with strong focus on the current trends in the application of PEM electrolysis associated with energy storage. These include durability aspects of PEM electrolysis systems and components, accelerated stress test protocols, manufacturing aspects of large-scale electrolyzers and components, gas crossover problems in PEM electrolyzer safety, and challenges associated with high-current density operation of PEM electrolyzers. A technology development matrix for systems and components requirements will also be covered, as well as unconventional PEM water electrolysis systems, such as ozone generators
2 editions published in 2018 in English and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cell Primers is a series of concise books that present those coming into this broad and multidisciplinary field the most recent advances in each of its particular topics. Its volumes bring together information that has thus far been scattered in many different sources under one single title, which makes them a useful reference for industry professionals, researchers and graduate students, especially those starting in a new topic of research. These volumes, PEM Water Electrolysis vol 1 and 2, allows these readers to identify the technology gaps for the development of commercially viable PEM electrolysis systems for energy applications. This primer examines the fundamentals of PEM electrolysis and selected research topics that are currently subject of attention by academic and industry community, such as gas cross-over and AST protocols. This lays the foundation for the exploration of the current industrial trends for PEM electrolysis, such as power to gas application, are discussed, with strong focus on the current trends in the application of PEM electrolysis associated with energy storage. These include durability aspects of PEM electrolysis systems and components, accelerated stress test protocols, manufacturing aspects of large-scale electrolyzers and components, gas crossover problems in PEM electrolyzer safety, and challenges associated with high-current density operation of PEM electrolyzers. A technology development matrix for systems and components requirements will also be covered, as well as unconventional PEM water electrolysis systems, such as ozone generators
Étude de l'amélioration de la production d'hydrogène par le procédé d'électrolyse de l'eau alcaline : simulation avec
mécanique des fluides numérique et optimisation génétique by
Damien Le Bideau(
)
1 edition published in 2021 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
L'hydrogène est vu comme un moyen de stockage de l'énergie électrique renouvelable et un carburant propre prometteur. Cependant, 95% de l'hydrogène est produit en utilisant des hydrocarbures fossiles. Pour obtenir un hydrogène décarboné, il sera nécessaire de le produire par électrolyse de l'eau, seul procédé actuel à pouvoir le produire en quantité industrielle. L'électrolyse de l'eau est un procédé diphasique énergivore dont environ 10% du coût énergétique réside dans une perte ohmique amplifiée par la présence de gaz (hydrogène et oxygène). Il est possible de réduire ces pertes ohmiques en réduisant la distance inter- électrode. Cependant, du fait de la présence des bulles, il existe une distance optimale inter- électrodes qui dépend des conditions d'opérations (pression, température, fraction massique d'électrolyte, etc.). Afin de réduire le coût opérationnel de l'hydrogène et ainsi permettre son développement sociétal, le procédé a été modélisé numériquement en utilisant la méthode des volumes finis. Les calculs de mécanique des fluides numériques menés aboutissent à une corrélation liant le taux de gaz avec les paramètres d'entrée du procédé rendus adimensionnels. Cette corrélation a ensuite été intégrée dans un algorithme génétique, développé et optimisé. Le but concret de ce travail est de trouver un compromis entre la rentabilité de l'investissement financier (CAPEX) et la performance opérationnelle financière (OPEX). Le design préconisé est une hauteur de 5cm avec une distance inter-électrode entre 400 et 800 µm pour des densités de courant entre 1000 et 4000 A m-2
1 edition published in 2021 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
L'hydrogène est vu comme un moyen de stockage de l'énergie électrique renouvelable et un carburant propre prometteur. Cependant, 95% de l'hydrogène est produit en utilisant des hydrocarbures fossiles. Pour obtenir un hydrogène décarboné, il sera nécessaire de le produire par électrolyse de l'eau, seul procédé actuel à pouvoir le produire en quantité industrielle. L'électrolyse de l'eau est un procédé diphasique énergivore dont environ 10% du coût énergétique réside dans une perte ohmique amplifiée par la présence de gaz (hydrogène et oxygène). Il est possible de réduire ces pertes ohmiques en réduisant la distance inter- électrode. Cependant, du fait de la présence des bulles, il existe une distance optimale inter- électrodes qui dépend des conditions d'opérations (pression, température, fraction massique d'électrolyte, etc.). Afin de réduire le coût opérationnel de l'hydrogène et ainsi permettre son développement sociétal, le procédé a été modélisé numériquement en utilisant la méthode des volumes finis. Les calculs de mécanique des fluides numériques menés aboutissent à une corrélation liant le taux de gaz avec les paramètres d'entrée du procédé rendus adimensionnels. Cette corrélation a ensuite été intégrée dans un algorithme génétique, développé et optimisé. Le but concret de ce travail est de trouver un compromis entre la rentabilité de l'investissement financier (CAPEX) et la performance opérationnelle financière (OPEX). Le design préconisé est une hauteur de 5cm avec une distance inter-électrode entre 400 et 800 µm pour des densités de courant entre 1000 et 4000 A m-2
PEM water electrolysis by
D. G Bessarabov(
)
1 edition published in 2018 in English and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
1 edition published in 2018 in English and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
PEM water electrolysis by
D. G Bessarabov(
)
1 edition published in 2018 in English and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
1 edition published in 2018 in English and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Caractérisation thermodynamique, microstructurale et cinétique d'alliages de palladium au contact de l'hydrogène : application
aux procédés de purification par perméation gazeuse by
Joseph Rostand Ngameni Jiembou(
Book
)
2 editions published in 2010 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Palladium-silver alloys are used in the industry for the purification of hydrogen. State-of-the-art materials still require optimization (i) to increase permeation flows ; (ii) to maintain performances on the long-term ; (iii) to reduce investment costs (development of thin membranes). To achieve these goals, it is necessary to measure in situ surface (H₂ dissociative chemisorption) and bulk (diffusion transport of atomic H) kinetic contributions. The kinetics of chemical (gas-phase) and electrochemical (electrolyte) hydrogen insertion have been compared. Electrochemical and chemical impedance diagrams have been obtained from “potential step” and from “pressure step” experiments. Rate constants of individual steps have been measured. Then, the insertion of gaseous hydrogen into a metallic membrane of known surface state (texture and roughness factor) and known volume microstructure (grain size distribution) has been investigated. Values of surface resistance and hydrogen diffusion coefficient have been measured with temperature. By measuring the impedance of membranes of different thicknesses, it has been shown that the surface step is rate-determining. Then, the surface roughness of a membrane has been increased by electrochemical deposition of palladium black. A membrane showing a reduced surface resistance has been prepared and a diffusion impedance diagram has been obtained for the first time for a gas phase experiment
2 editions published in 2010 in French and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Palladium-silver alloys are used in the industry for the purification of hydrogen. State-of-the-art materials still require optimization (i) to increase permeation flows ; (ii) to maintain performances on the long-term ; (iii) to reduce investment costs (development of thin membranes). To achieve these goals, it is necessary to measure in situ surface (H₂ dissociative chemisorption) and bulk (diffusion transport of atomic H) kinetic contributions. The kinetics of chemical (gas-phase) and electrochemical (electrolyte) hydrogen insertion have been compared. Electrochemical and chemical impedance diagrams have been obtained from “potential step” and from “pressure step” experiments. Rate constants of individual steps have been measured. Then, the insertion of gaseous hydrogen into a metallic membrane of known surface state (texture and roughness factor) and known volume microstructure (grain size distribution) has been investigated. Values of surface resistance and hydrogen diffusion coefficient have been measured with temperature. By measuring the impedance of membranes of different thicknesses, it has been shown that the surface step is rate-determining. Then, the surface roughness of a membrane has been increased by electrochemical deposition of palladium black. A membrane showing a reduced surface resistance has been prepared and a diffusion impedance diagram has been obtained for the first time for a gas phase experiment
Electrocatalyseurs de l'oxydation de l'hydrogène en présence de polluants - Application à la purification/compression de
l'hydrogène by
Marine Tregaro(
)
1 edition published in 2021 in English and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
La pompe électrochimique à hydrogène (EHC en anglais) est un système prometteur combinant à la fois les étapes de purification et de compression nécessaires à l'utilisation de l'hydrogène dans des dispositifs tels que la pile à combustible à membrane échangeuse de protons. Son utilisation pourrait permettre de réduire le coût de l'hydrogène, facilitant ainsi l'essor des technologies de l'hydrogène. Cependant, l'EHC doit fonctionner à grande densité de courant (de l'ordre de 2 A cm-2) pour être compétitif, un objectif ambitieux si l'on prend en compte la présence de polluants à l'anode, où la réaction d'oxydation de l'hydrogène (HOR en anglais) a lieu. Les électrocatalyseurs à l'anode doivent donc présenter une grande tolérance aux impuretés comme le CO ou le CO2, ainsi qu'une excellente activité pour l'HOR.Ce travail s'intéresse à l'étude de deux familles d'électrocatalyseurs présentant des propriétés intéressantes pour ces aspects. D'un côté, la famille Pt+Ru est composée de nanoparticules non-alliées de Pt et Ru, déposées sur un même substrat carbone. Elles présentent des courants d'oxydation de CO à un potentiel aussi bas que celui de Ru, tout en gardant une bonne activité HOR (mesurée en électrode à disque-tournant), contrairement à Ru, qui exhibe une faible activité pour l'HOR. De l'autre côté, les électrocatalyseurs de Pt et Pt+Ru supportés sur WO3 affichent un très bon début d'oxydation de CO, malgré une faible activité HOR et une mauvaise stabilité. Les meilleurs électrocatalyseurs sont comparés avec une électrode à gaz (GDE), qui permet la réduction des limitations de transports de matière. Ce montage permet une comparaison plus rigoureuse des électrocatalyseurs à grande densité de courant, plus représentative de leur usage en EHC
1 edition published in 2021 in English and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
La pompe électrochimique à hydrogène (EHC en anglais) est un système prometteur combinant à la fois les étapes de purification et de compression nécessaires à l'utilisation de l'hydrogène dans des dispositifs tels que la pile à combustible à membrane échangeuse de protons. Son utilisation pourrait permettre de réduire le coût de l'hydrogène, facilitant ainsi l'essor des technologies de l'hydrogène. Cependant, l'EHC doit fonctionner à grande densité de courant (de l'ordre de 2 A cm-2) pour être compétitif, un objectif ambitieux si l'on prend en compte la présence de polluants à l'anode, où la réaction d'oxydation de l'hydrogène (HOR en anglais) a lieu. Les électrocatalyseurs à l'anode doivent donc présenter une grande tolérance aux impuretés comme le CO ou le CO2, ainsi qu'une excellente activité pour l'HOR.Ce travail s'intéresse à l'étude de deux familles d'électrocatalyseurs présentant des propriétés intéressantes pour ces aspects. D'un côté, la famille Pt+Ru est composée de nanoparticules non-alliées de Pt et Ru, déposées sur un même substrat carbone. Elles présentent des courants d'oxydation de CO à un potentiel aussi bas que celui de Ru, tout en gardant une bonne activité HOR (mesurée en électrode à disque-tournant), contrairement à Ru, qui exhibe une faible activité pour l'HOR. De l'autre côté, les électrocatalyseurs de Pt et Pt+Ru supportés sur WO3 affichent un très bon début d'oxydation de CO, malgré une faible activité HOR et une mauvaise stabilité. Les meilleurs électrocatalyseurs sont comparés avec une électrode à gaz (GDE), qui permet la réduction des limitations de transports de matière. Ce montage permet une comparaison plus rigoureuse des électrocatalyseurs à grande densité de courant, plus représentative de leur usage en EHC
Développement d'un compresseur hybride d'hydrogène : électrochimique à basse pression/adsorption à haute pression by
Giuseppe Sdanghi(
)
1 edition published in 2019 in English and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
The proof of concept of a non-mechanical hydrogen compressor has been carried out in the present study. It is a hybrid compressor since it consists of: (i) a first electrochemical compression step, which compresses hydrogen from 1 bar up to 40-80 bar and; (ii) a second compression step based on the thermally-driven cyclic adsorption-desorption which allows compressing hydrogen up to 700 bar. Numerical models have been developed to verify the feasibility of such a system, and their validity has been proved by the experimental data obtained with the prototypes built for each of the two compression stages. Concerning the electrochemical compressor, a current density distribution along the electrochemical was observed using a segmented cell, and the developed pseudo-2D model proved that the stability of the current density strictly depends on the local water content of the membrane. Indeed, the current density was found to decrease from 0.75 A/cm2 to 0.65 A/cm2 between the first and the last segment of the compressor, which corresponds to a decrease of the relative humidity in the inlet hydrogen flow from 90% to 55% along the gas channels at the anode side (at 0.66 A/cm2 x 0.36 V and 333 K). Concerning the adsorption-desorption compressor, the Modified Dubinin-Astakhov model (MDA) was implemented to describe hydrogen adsorption on activated carbons as a function of the temperature and the pressure. It was used along with the mass and the energy balance equations to study the feasibility of such a compressor. The results from the numerical simulation were validated with the experimental data, which were obtained using a prototype of 0.5 L, designed and built for the present study, and containing 0.135 kg of the activated carbon MSC-30 (Kansai, Japan). 30 NL/h of high-pressure hydrogen at 700 bar were obtained when introducing hydrogen at 80 bar into the compressor, previously cooled to 77 K, and when heating it up to 315 K. The proposed hybrid hydrogen compressor could be a valid alternative to traditional mechanical compressors, and it could be used in small and decentralized facilities using hydrogen as a fuel, e.g. a hydrogen refuelling station
1 edition published in 2019 in English and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
The proof of concept of a non-mechanical hydrogen compressor has been carried out in the present study. It is a hybrid compressor since it consists of: (i) a first electrochemical compression step, which compresses hydrogen from 1 bar up to 40-80 bar and; (ii) a second compression step based on the thermally-driven cyclic adsorption-desorption which allows compressing hydrogen up to 700 bar. Numerical models have been developed to verify the feasibility of such a system, and their validity has been proved by the experimental data obtained with the prototypes built for each of the two compression stages. Concerning the electrochemical compressor, a current density distribution along the electrochemical was observed using a segmented cell, and the developed pseudo-2D model proved that the stability of the current density strictly depends on the local water content of the membrane. Indeed, the current density was found to decrease from 0.75 A/cm2 to 0.65 A/cm2 between the first and the last segment of the compressor, which corresponds to a decrease of the relative humidity in the inlet hydrogen flow from 90% to 55% along the gas channels at the anode side (at 0.66 A/cm2 x 0.36 V and 333 K). Concerning the adsorption-desorption compressor, the Modified Dubinin-Astakhov model (MDA) was implemented to describe hydrogen adsorption on activated carbons as a function of the temperature and the pressure. It was used along with the mass and the energy balance equations to study the feasibility of such a compressor. The results from the numerical simulation were validated with the experimental data, which were obtained using a prototype of 0.5 L, designed and built for the present study, and containing 0.135 kg of the activated carbon MSC-30 (Kansai, Japan). 30 NL/h of high-pressure hydrogen at 700 bar were obtained when introducing hydrogen at 80 bar into the compressor, previously cooled to 77 K, and when heating it up to 315 K. The proposed hybrid hydrogen compressor could be a valid alternative to traditional mechanical compressors, and it could be used in small and decentralized facilities using hydrogen as a fuel, e.g. a hydrogen refuelling station
Caractérisation des hétérogénéités de fonctionnement et de dégradation au sein d'un électrolyseur à membrane échangeuse
de protons (PEM) by
Julian Parra Restrepo(
)
1 edition published in 2020 in French and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolysis is among the best solutions to store energy from intermittent power sources such as solar and wind. The green hydrogen produced by this technology can meet the needs of industries that already consume hydrogen or can be used for new applications such as fuel cell cars. To continue the deployment of PEM electrolyzers, it is necessary to increase their lifetime and the active surface area of cells. By doing this, operating heterogeneities related to the distribution of gas/water, current and temperature may appear. This work aims to characterize the aging mechanisms and the heterogeneities that have a negative impact on the performance of the electrolyzer. A segmented cell for measuring local current densities and local potentials was developed. Different titanium porous transport layers (PTLs) were characterized and their influence on the transport of electrical charges and gas/water has been analyzed, which allowed identifying problems related to the variation of PTL microstructure along the electrolyzer. Also, a model describing the contact resistance between the catalyst layer and the PTL was proposed. The membrane temperature between the inlet and the outlet of the cell was estimated with an innovative method based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This method allowed characterizing the temperature differences with the water circulating in the channels as a function of current density. An accelerated stress protocol was developed and the influence of intermittent operation was studied. A critical potential threshold that accelerates aging was identified and performance recoveries linked to periodic drop of the cell potential were observed
1 edition published in 2020 in French and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolysis is among the best solutions to store energy from intermittent power sources such as solar and wind. The green hydrogen produced by this technology can meet the needs of industries that already consume hydrogen or can be used for new applications such as fuel cell cars. To continue the deployment of PEM electrolyzers, it is necessary to increase their lifetime and the active surface area of cells. By doing this, operating heterogeneities related to the distribution of gas/water, current and temperature may appear. This work aims to characterize the aging mechanisms and the heterogeneities that have a negative impact on the performance of the electrolyzer. A segmented cell for measuring local current densities and local potentials was developed. Different titanium porous transport layers (PTLs) were characterized and their influence on the transport of electrical charges and gas/water has been analyzed, which allowed identifying problems related to the variation of PTL microstructure along the electrolyzer. Also, a model describing the contact resistance between the catalyst layer and the PTL was proposed. The membrane temperature between the inlet and the outlet of the cell was estimated with an innovative method based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This method allowed characterizing the temperature differences with the water circulating in the channels as a function of current density. An accelerated stress protocol was developed and the influence of intermittent operation was studied. A critical potential threshold that accelerates aging was identified and performance recoveries linked to periodic drop of the cell potential were observed
Comportement du deutérium dans les matériaux d'intérêt pour la fusion thermonucléaire by
Elodie Bernard(
)
1 edition published in 2012 in French and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
Plasma-wall interactions play an important part while choosing materials for the first wall in future fusion reactors. Moreover, the use of tritium as a fuel will impose safety limits regarding the total amount present in the tokamak. Previous analyses of first-wall samples exposed to fusion plasma highlighted an in-bulk migration of deuterium (used as an analog to tritium) in carbon materials. Despite its limited value, this retention is problematic: contrary to co-deposited layers, it seems very unlikely to recover easily the deuterium retained in such a way. Because of the difficult access to in situ samples, most published studies on the subject were carried out using post-mortem sample analysis.In order to access to the dynamic of the phenomenon and come apart potential element redistribution during storage, we set up a bench intended for simultaneous low energy ion implantation, reproducing the deuterium interaction with first-wall materials, and high energy microbeam analysis. Nuclear reaction analysis performed at the micrometric scale (µNRA) allows characterizing deuterium repartition profiles in situ. This analysis technique was checked to be non-perturbative.We observed from the experimental data set that the material surface (depth 0-1 µm) displays a high and nearly constant deuterium content, with a uniform distribution. On the contrary, in-bulk deuterium (1-11 µm) localizes in preferential trapping sites related to the material microstructure. In-bulk deuterium inventory seems to increase with the incident fluence, in spite of the wide data scattering attributed to the structure variation of studied regions. Deuterium saturation at the surface as well as in-depth migration is instantaneous; in-vacuum storage leads only to a small deuterium global desorption.Observations made via µNRA were combined with results from other characterization techniques. X-ray µtomography allowed identifying porosities as the preferential trapping sites for in-depth deuterium retention. Raman µspectrometry disclosed the formation of an amorphous layer at the surface, very thin (~30 nm) and deuterium saturated, following deuterium irradiation.At last, we confronted the experimental characterization obtained with existing models for deuterium behaviour in carbon materials and proposed a simple and original one. Considering that in-depth retention is due to deuterium implantation and Coulombian diffusion at the open porosity surfaces, it allows reproducing qualitatively the observed experimental profiles
1 edition published in 2012 in French and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
Plasma-wall interactions play an important part while choosing materials for the first wall in future fusion reactors. Moreover, the use of tritium as a fuel will impose safety limits regarding the total amount present in the tokamak. Previous analyses of first-wall samples exposed to fusion plasma highlighted an in-bulk migration of deuterium (used as an analog to tritium) in carbon materials. Despite its limited value, this retention is problematic: contrary to co-deposited layers, it seems very unlikely to recover easily the deuterium retained in such a way. Because of the difficult access to in situ samples, most published studies on the subject were carried out using post-mortem sample analysis.In order to access to the dynamic of the phenomenon and come apart potential element redistribution during storage, we set up a bench intended for simultaneous low energy ion implantation, reproducing the deuterium interaction with first-wall materials, and high energy microbeam analysis. Nuclear reaction analysis performed at the micrometric scale (µNRA) allows characterizing deuterium repartition profiles in situ. This analysis technique was checked to be non-perturbative.We observed from the experimental data set that the material surface (depth 0-1 µm) displays a high and nearly constant deuterium content, with a uniform distribution. On the contrary, in-bulk deuterium (1-11 µm) localizes in preferential trapping sites related to the material microstructure. In-bulk deuterium inventory seems to increase with the incident fluence, in spite of the wide data scattering attributed to the structure variation of studied regions. Deuterium saturation at the surface as well as in-depth migration is instantaneous; in-vacuum storage leads only to a small deuterium global desorption.Observations made via µNRA were combined with results from other characterization techniques. X-ray µtomography allowed identifying porosities as the preferential trapping sites for in-depth deuterium retention. Raman µspectrometry disclosed the formation of an amorphous layer at the surface, very thin (~30 nm) and deuterium saturated, following deuterium irradiation.At last, we confronted the experimental characterization obtained with existing models for deuterium behaviour in carbon materials and proposed a simple and original one. Considering that in-depth retention is due to deuterium implantation and Coulombian diffusion at the open porosity surfaces, it allows reproducing qualitatively the observed experimental profiles
Méthodologie de diagnostic des batteries Li-ion par la mesure des bruits électrochimiques by
Florian Maillard(
)
1 edition published in 2015 in French and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
This work concerns the electrochemical voltage fluctuations Li-ion batteries, commonly known as electrochemical noise. The idea is to use the electrochemical measurement noise in operation to generate, via signal processing, statistical descriptors to characterize the SOH (health). The objective is to develop an innovative method noninvasive diagnostic to complement traditional methods (impedance,...). DCNS St Tropez has participated and intends to develop this approach in the context of an arms supply subsea application, which requires a very high level of security and reliability. The measurement of Li-ion batteries is difficult because of very low signal levels and requires efficient appliances. We installed a measurement system for acquiring voltage fluctuations landfill. Then we extracted noise due to robust numerical method. The discharge voltage is non-stationary, which requires a specific treatment. The short-term analysis by moments of order 2, 3 and 4 shows that there are three areas in which the noises are completely different. The middle of the discharge has a uniform distribution characterized by a V-shape (minimum to SOC = 55 %), tempo-frequency coherent structures on the edges revealed by wavelet analysis. Our model allows to find the predominant noise sources and identify the parameters responsible for the electrochemical noise. Future applications include the characterization of aging and quality of manufacture of batteries
1 edition published in 2015 in French and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
This work concerns the electrochemical voltage fluctuations Li-ion batteries, commonly known as electrochemical noise. The idea is to use the electrochemical measurement noise in operation to generate, via signal processing, statistical descriptors to characterize the SOH (health). The objective is to develop an innovative method noninvasive diagnostic to complement traditional methods (impedance,...). DCNS St Tropez has participated and intends to develop this approach in the context of an arms supply subsea application, which requires a very high level of security and reliability. The measurement of Li-ion batteries is difficult because of very low signal levels and requires efficient appliances. We installed a measurement system for acquiring voltage fluctuations landfill. Then we extracted noise due to robust numerical method. The discharge voltage is non-stationary, which requires a specific treatment. The short-term analysis by moments of order 2, 3 and 4 shows that there are three areas in which the noises are completely different. The middle of the discharge has a uniform distribution characterized by a V-shape (minimum to SOC = 55 %), tempo-frequency coherent structures on the edges revealed by wavelet analysis. Our model allows to find the predominant noise sources and identify the parameters responsible for the electrochemical noise. Future applications include the characterization of aging and quality of manufacture of batteries
Photoelectrochemical kinetics of visible-light driven water splitting at Rh∶SrTiO3 based electrodes by
Manuel Antuch Cubillas(
)
1 edition published in 2018 in English and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
The kinetics of water photo-dissociation assisted by visible light was the main topic of this work. The Rh doped SrTiO₃ semiconductor was employed as photo-excitable material. It can absorb visible light and therefore transform solar energy into useful chemical fuels. In this manuscript, a wide bibliographic overview is provided in the 1st Chapter, covering a description of the characterization methods and current models for photoelectrochemical kinetics. The 2nd Chapter is devoted to the description of the materials and methods. The 3rd Chapter deals with the full photoelectrochemical kinetic characterization of water splitting with Rh:SrTiO₃ photoelectrodes, surface-modified by addition of a model clathrochelate or with metallic Cu or Pt. In the 4th Chapter, a theoretical study of the mechanism of hydrogen evolution catalyzed by a model clathrochelate is provided. During the discussion, the EXAFS spectrum of the organometallic complex was thoroughly analyzed and modelled, and the relevant protonated intermediates involved in the mechanism were identified. The 5th Chapter deals with the photoelectrochemical dynamics of illuminated Rh:SrTiO₃ -based photo-electrodes, characterized by the light-modulated photovoltage technique. Unusual results were obtained and are reported in this thesis for the first time. This unexpected dynamic behavior has been modelled by a set of classical differential equations usually used to describe such photo-processes
1 edition published in 2018 in English and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
The kinetics of water photo-dissociation assisted by visible light was the main topic of this work. The Rh doped SrTiO₃ semiconductor was employed as photo-excitable material. It can absorb visible light and therefore transform solar energy into useful chemical fuels. In this manuscript, a wide bibliographic overview is provided in the 1st Chapter, covering a description of the characterization methods and current models for photoelectrochemical kinetics. The 2nd Chapter is devoted to the description of the materials and methods. The 3rd Chapter deals with the full photoelectrochemical kinetic characterization of water splitting with Rh:SrTiO₃ photoelectrodes, surface-modified by addition of a model clathrochelate or with metallic Cu or Pt. In the 4th Chapter, a theoretical study of the mechanism of hydrogen evolution catalyzed by a model clathrochelate is provided. During the discussion, the EXAFS spectrum of the organometallic complex was thoroughly analyzed and modelled, and the relevant protonated intermediates involved in the mechanism were identified. The 5th Chapter deals with the photoelectrochemical dynamics of illuminated Rh:SrTiO₃ -based photo-electrodes, characterized by the light-modulated photovoltage technique. Unusual results were obtained and are reported in this thesis for the first time. This unexpected dynamic behavior has been modelled by a set of classical differential equations usually used to describe such photo-processes
À l'envers des yeux paysages by
Claire Condominas Bartoli(
Recording
)
1 edition published in 2015 in French and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
1 edition published in 2015 in French and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
Étude de nouvelles voies de dépôt du matériau d'électrode positive LiCoO2 pour la réalisation de micro-accumulateurs
3D à haute capacité surfacique by
Hélène Porthault(
)
1 edition published in 2011 in French and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
La miniaturisation des systèmes électroniques est aujourd'hui l'un des enjeux majeurs de la recherche et demande une importante évolution des sources d'énergie. Les micro-accumulateurs tout solide sont une réponse parfaitement adaptée à ce besoin. Leur capacité est toutefois actuellement limitée à 50-200 µAh.cm-2 du fait de la difficulté d'employer des couches de matériaux actifs d'épaisseur supérieure à 5 µm. L'une des pistes pour augmenter la capacité spécifique des micro-accumulateurs est de déposer les différents matériaux sur un substrat texturé. Les techniques de dépôt sous vide classiques ne permettent pas de déposer des films conformes sur de telles surfaces, principalement à cause d'effets d'ombrage. L'objectif de ce travail de thèse a donc été de développer de nouvelles voies de dépôt pour la réalisation de micro-accumulateurs tout-solide 3D. Deux voies de dépôt chimique ont été explorées : la synthèse sol-gel et l'électrodépôt sous conditions hydrothermales. La synthèse sol-gel n'a pas permis d'aboutir à la réalisation de films denses et conformes. Cependant, elle s'est avérée très intéressante pour synthétiser des poudres de LiCoO2 rhomboédrique présentant d'importantes surfaces spécifiques, sans étape de broyage, à des températures de synthèse modérées (600-700°C). Le dépôt électrolytique en conditions hydrothermales s'est quant à lui révélé très prometteur tant pour sa vitesse de dépôt importante, jusqu'à 300 nm.mn-1, que pour sa température de synthèse basse, à partir de 125°C, sans nécessiter de recuit. Les films synthétisés présentent d'excellentes performances électrochimiques en électrolyte liquide et une conformité sur des substrats texturés supérieure à 97 %
1 edition published in 2011 in French and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
La miniaturisation des systèmes électroniques est aujourd'hui l'un des enjeux majeurs de la recherche et demande une importante évolution des sources d'énergie. Les micro-accumulateurs tout solide sont une réponse parfaitement adaptée à ce besoin. Leur capacité est toutefois actuellement limitée à 50-200 µAh.cm-2 du fait de la difficulté d'employer des couches de matériaux actifs d'épaisseur supérieure à 5 µm. L'une des pistes pour augmenter la capacité spécifique des micro-accumulateurs est de déposer les différents matériaux sur un substrat texturé. Les techniques de dépôt sous vide classiques ne permettent pas de déposer des films conformes sur de telles surfaces, principalement à cause d'effets d'ombrage. L'objectif de ce travail de thèse a donc été de développer de nouvelles voies de dépôt pour la réalisation de micro-accumulateurs tout-solide 3D. Deux voies de dépôt chimique ont été explorées : la synthèse sol-gel et l'électrodépôt sous conditions hydrothermales. La synthèse sol-gel n'a pas permis d'aboutir à la réalisation de films denses et conformes. Cependant, elle s'est avérée très intéressante pour synthétiser des poudres de LiCoO2 rhomboédrique présentant d'importantes surfaces spécifiques, sans étape de broyage, à des températures de synthèse modérées (600-700°C). Le dépôt électrolytique en conditions hydrothermales s'est quant à lui révélé très prometteur tant pour sa vitesse de dépôt importante, jusqu'à 300 nm.mn-1, que pour sa température de synthèse basse, à partir de 125°C, sans nécessiter de recuit. Les films synthétisés présentent d'excellentes performances électrochimiques en électrolyte liquide et une conformité sur des substrats texturés supérieure à 97 %
Synthesis and application of porphyrin-POM hybrids for photocatalytic water remediation and solar energy production by Iftikhar Ahmed(
)
1 edition published in 2013 in English and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
The dissertation is presented on 252 content pages which has been framed in five chapters and two annexures while the title page opens into a list of abbreviations followed by a foreword on the work. The core theme of the research work is to validate the extended photocatalytic properties of porphyrin-POM materials in evolving from UV to visible light range of solar spectrum. Which describing additional modes for synthesis of hybrid materials (i) electrostatic multilayer's comprising of Dawson , sandwich Dawson type and preyssler,s POM in combination with free base tetracationic porphyrin [H₂TPhN(Me)₃P⁴⁺] (ii) an easy method of synthesis of two dimers with a pyridinium spacer (abbreviated 4-H₂-Zn and 3-H₂-Zn) (iii) Langmuir Schafer approach for hybrid monolayer. The prepared photoactive thin layers have been characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy for optical properties. Cyclic voltammetry for electrochemistry and ionic permeability studies. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) for surface morphology and its role in physical mechanism of reduction process and shape of nanostructures obtained. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to interpret size and shape of dendritic silver nanoparticles obtained as photoreduction product. Although ,the ultimate goal is the photoreduction of heavy metals (Cr(VI), Hg(II), Cd(II), Pb(II) ), reduction of a simpler system like Ag⁺ ion has been chosen as a model system due to single electron simpler oxidation reduction process. A novel application of photocurrent generation from these hybrid films has been demonstrated in the fifth chapter of the manuscript as an initial studies which has enhanced the significance of all previously fabricated systems upto by many folds .The foresaid development of photovoltaic application has paved the way for future studies to enhance the photocurrent yield further by tuning the electron donor-acceptor system. Both components porphyrin and POM can be tuned with different axial substituent's and stereo chemical properties to achieve maximum yield of solar energy as well as diversified metal nanostructure for nanoelectronics, e.g. silver dendrites for sensor applications. At the end of the manuscript, three appendices describe successively the experimental techniques used to carry out this work, the Job method used to determine the stoichiometry and formation constants of complex electrostatic and coordination, and then finally the origin or Protocols for the synthesis of various compounds used
1 edition published in 2013 in English and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide
The dissertation is presented on 252 content pages which has been framed in five chapters and two annexures while the title page opens into a list of abbreviations followed by a foreword on the work. The core theme of the research work is to validate the extended photocatalytic properties of porphyrin-POM materials in evolving from UV to visible light range of solar spectrum. Which describing additional modes for synthesis of hybrid materials (i) electrostatic multilayer's comprising of Dawson , sandwich Dawson type and preyssler,s POM in combination with free base tetracationic porphyrin [H₂TPhN(Me)₃P⁴⁺] (ii) an easy method of synthesis of two dimers with a pyridinium spacer (abbreviated 4-H₂-Zn and 3-H₂-Zn) (iii) Langmuir Schafer approach for hybrid monolayer. The prepared photoactive thin layers have been characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy for optical properties. Cyclic voltammetry for electrochemistry and ionic permeability studies. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) for surface morphology and its role in physical mechanism of reduction process and shape of nanostructures obtained. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to interpret size and shape of dendritic silver nanoparticles obtained as photoreduction product. Although ,the ultimate goal is the photoreduction of heavy metals (Cr(VI), Hg(II), Cd(II), Pb(II) ), reduction of a simpler system like Ag⁺ ion has been chosen as a model system due to single electron simpler oxidation reduction process. A novel application of photocurrent generation from these hybrid films has been demonstrated in the fifth chapter of the manuscript as an initial studies which has enhanced the significance of all previously fabricated systems upto by many folds .The foresaid development of photovoltaic application has paved the way for future studies to enhance the photocurrent yield further by tuning the electron donor-acceptor system. Both components porphyrin and POM can be tuned with different axial substituent's and stereo chemical properties to achieve maximum yield of solar energy as well as diversified metal nanostructure for nanoelectronics, e.g. silver dendrites for sensor applications. At the end of the manuscript, three appendices describe successively the experimental techniques used to carry out this work, the Job method used to determine the stoichiometry and formation constants of complex electrostatic and coordination, and then finally the origin or Protocols for the synthesis of various compounds used
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Related Identities
- Université Paris-Sud (1970-2019) Other Degree grantor
- Bessarabov, D. G. (Dmitri Georgievich) Author
- Ecole doctorale Chimie de Paris-Sud (Orsay, Essonne / 2006-2015) Other
- Université de Paris-Sud Faculté des sciences d'Orsay (Essonne) Other
- Chatenet, Marian (19..-....). Other Opponent Thesis advisor
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Etat Solide (Orsay) Other
- Maillard, Frédéric (1976-....). Other Opponent Thesis advisor
- Lombard, Christophe (1971-....). Opponent
- Institut national polytechnique (Grenoble) Degree grantor
- Université Paris-Saclay (2015-2019) Degree grantor
Associated Subjects
