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<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD>Preface</TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>7</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(3)</TD></TR><TR><TD>Other Resources</TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>10</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(11)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=20></TD><TD>Pentateuch: Introduction</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>21</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(188)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Genesis</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>28</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(49)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Ancient Near Eastern Mythology and the Old Testament</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Ancient Near Eastern Flood Accounts</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>The Religion of Abraham</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Major Trade Routes in the Ancient Near East</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Exodus</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>77</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(42)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>The Date of the Exodus</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Leviticus</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>119</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(24)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Numbers</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>143</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(27)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Deuteronomy</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>170</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(39)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>The Covenant and Ancient Near Eastern Treaties</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=20></TD><TD>Historical Literature: Introduction</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>209</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(282)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Joshua</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>213</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(28)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Egyptian Information About Canaan and Israel</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Judges</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>241</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(36)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>The Political Climate in the Early Iron Age</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Ruth</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>277</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(4)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>1 Samuel</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>281</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(41)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>2 Samuel</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>322</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(33)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>1 Kings</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>355</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(30)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>2 Kings</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>385</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(28)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>The Western Campaigns of Tiglath-Pileser III, 734-732</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>1 Chronicles</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>413</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(7)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Significance of Genealogies to Postexilic Audience</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>2 Chronicles</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>420</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(39)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Sennacherib's Inscriptions</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Lachish</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Ezra</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>459</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(13)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Nehemiah</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>472</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(11)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Esther</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>483</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(8)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Herodotus</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=20></TD><TD>Wisdom and Poetic Literature: Introduction</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>491</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(90)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Job</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>495</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(16)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Retribution Principle</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Psalms</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>511</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(49)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Common Concepts</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Common Metaphors for God</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Musical Terms</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Proverbs</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>560</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(10)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Proverbs Echoed in Ancient Near East</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>How Proverbs Were Used</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Proverbs as Generalized Truth</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Ecclesiastes</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>570</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(6)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Song of Songs</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>576</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(5)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Sexual Metaphor</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=20></TD><TD>Prophetic Literature: Introduction</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>581</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(231)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Isaiah</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>584</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(58)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Afterlife Beliefs in Israel and the Ancient Near East</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Jeremiah</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>642</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(44)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Seals and Bullae</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Lamentations</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>686</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(3)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Laments over Fallen Cities in the Ancient World</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Ezekiel</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>689</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(40)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Daniel</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>729</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(22)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Akkadian Apocalypses</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Hosea</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>751</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(9)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Joel</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>760</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(4)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Day of Yahweh</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Amos</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>764</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(11)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Economic Changes and Social Classes in Eighth-Century Israel</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Obadiah</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>775</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(2)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Jonah</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>777</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(3)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Micah</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>780</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(7)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Nahum</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>787</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(4)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Habakkuk</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>791</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(3)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Zephaniah</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>794</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(2)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Haggai</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>796</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(2)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Zechariah</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>798</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(12)</TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Apocalyptic Literature</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=60></TD><TD>Summary of the Temple-Building Connections to Zechariah's Visions</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD></TR><TR><TD><TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0><TR><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD>Malachi</TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>810</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(2)</TD></TR><TR><TD>Glossary</TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>812</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(5)</TD></TR><TR><TD>Charts and Maps</TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>817</TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>(13)</TD></TR><TR><TD>Topical Index</TD><TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD VALIGN=TOP>830</TD><TD></TD></TR></TABLE>

"The narratives, genealogies, laws, poetry, proverbs and prophecies of the Old Testament are deeply rooted in history. Archaeologists, historians and social scientists have greatly advanced our knowledge of the ancient world of the Bible. When we illuminate the stories of Abraham or David, the imagery of the Psalms or Proverbs, or the prophecies of Isaiah or Jeremiah with this backlight of culture and history, these texts spring to new life." "This commentary joins The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament in giving historical, social and cultural background for each Old Testament passage. From Genesis through Malachi it gathers and condenses an abundance of specialized knowledge and makes it available to ordinary readers of the Old Testament. It will enrich your study of these biblical books in a way that no other commentary can do."--Jacket

The IVP Bible background commentary : Old Testament