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Genre/Form: | Thèses et écrits académiques |
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Material Type: | Thesis/dissertation |
Document Type: | Book |
All Authors / Contributors: |
Christelle Lacroix; Emmanuelle Jacquot-Plumey; Jean-Louis Verrier; Agrocampus Ouest |
OCLC Number: | 758859985 |
Description: | 1 vol. (179 p.) : ill. ; 30 cm. |
Responsibility: | Lacroix, Christelle ; sous la dir. de Emmanuel Jacquot et de Jean-Louis Verrier. |
Abstract:
The analysis of the causes and consequences of the diversification of viral populations reveals the impact of different selective pressures on their evolution. Different alleles of the recessive resistance gene va, which constitutes the most commonly used genetic resistance source worldwide to control Potato virus Y (PVY, Potyvirus) epidemics in tobacco crops, have been introduced into tobacco cultivars without precise information on their impact on PVY evolution. The objective of this research program was to analyse the impact of the selective pressure imposed by the va gene on the structure and evolution of PVY populations. Thus, the diversity of biological and serological properties of PVY isolates collected in two contrasting environments (France and Brazil) was analyzed. Viral populations collected in France were characterized by a high frequency of virulent isolates and by a heterogeneous distribution of pathotypes in susceptible and resistant tobacco cultivars. The structure of PVY populations collected in Brazil and in France was similar, suggesting that the emergence of virulent isolates under the va selection pressure did not depend on environmental parameters. The evolutionary process of PVY isolates inoculated in controlled conditions to quasi-isogenic tobacco plants for the allele 0 and 2 of the va gene was monitored. A single passage on plants carrying the allele 2 of the va gene led to the selection of virulent viral populations, able to overcome both the allele 0 and 2 of the va gene. The acquisition of the capacity to overcome the allele 2 of the va gene was associated with a single point mutation in the central part of the sequence of the VPg protein. The possible consequences of the adaptation process of PVY to the va gene for the interaction between this virus and different vector agents and hosts are discussed in the context of the development of a durable strategy to use the different va alleles and of a global understanding of PVY epidemiology.
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