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Genre/Form: | Thèses et écrits académiques |
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Material Type: | Document, Thesis/dissertation |
Document Type: | Computer File |
All Authors / Contributors: |
Kevin-Davis Richler; Didier Mayou; Xavier Blase; Irène Burghardt; Fabienne Michelini; Frédéric Chandezon; Georges Bouzerar; Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Université Grenoble Alpes.; École doctorale physique (Grenoble).; Institut Néel (Grenoble). |
OCLC Number: | 1153588987 |
Notes: | Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. |
Description: | 1 online resource |
Responsibility: | Kevin-Davis Richler ; sous la direction de Didier Mayou. |
Abstract:
In this thesis, we have developed an inhomogeneous dynamical mean-field theory (I-DMFT) that is suitable to investigate electron-phonon interactions in non-translationally invariant and/or inhomogeneous systems. The presented approach, whose only assumption is that of a local, site-dependent self-energy, recovers both the exact solution of an electron for a generic random tight-binding Hamiltonian in the non-interacting limit and the DMFT solution for the small polaron problem in translationally invariant systems. To illustrate its full apabilities, we have applied I-DMFT to study polaron formation in the presence of isolated impurities, where we have found that I-DMFT is more accurate than the inhomogeneous momentum average approximation (IMA) and gives quantitative accurate results when compared to the approximation free diagrammatic Monte Carlo calculations. We then use I-DMFT to study the effect of defects embedded on a two-dimensional surface. The computed maps of the local density of states reveal Friedel oscillations, whose periodicity is determined by the polaron mass. This can be of direct relevance for the interpretation of scanning-tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments on systems with sizable electron-lattice interactions. Next, we have focused on the interfacial electron-hole separation mechanism in prototypical organic photovoltaic donor-acceptor systems. Using I-DMFT, we present a fully quantum dynamical simulation of the charge carrier dynamics that considers the interplay of electron-vibration interactions, static-disorder, and electrostatic fields. In particular, these simulations provide the possibility to compute the charge injection rate at the donor-acceptor interface, a quantity of fundamental experimental interest, presenting one first step forward to a long-standing cumbersome challenge in OPV, thereby bridging between chemistry and physics. As a first step, we have applied the I-DMFT to a generic one-dimensional model Hamiltonian, whose parameters model the charge carrier dynamics in prototypical Phenyl- C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) or C60 acceptor systems. Our results show that dynamic potentials (related to polaron formation), when compared to random static po- tentials, can present the main detrimental lose mechanism in OPVs devices. From this perspective, organic molecules with moderate reorganization energies should be used pref- erentially in next-generation materials since increasing the electron-phonon interaction hinders the range of suitable incoming electron energies due to the fragmentation of the local density of states into narrow polaronic sub-bands. As a final step, we have applied the I-DMFT to a generic three-dimensional model Hamiltonian, whose parameters model charge splitting force fields at three-dimensional PCBM and C60 acceptor systems. These fields are sharply peaked over a narrow interphase stemming from the protrusion of small fullerene molecules into the donor domain. We then show that such fields, when dimensioned sufficiently and poled correctly, can provide an uplifting influence on the charge separation efficiency across organic interfaces. From this perspective, materials that present sufficiently and correctly poled strong electrostatic, mesoscale fields should be probed in the design of next-generation OPV devices since such fields extend the range of suitable incoming electron energies and increase the quantum yield. Overall, the easy numerical implementation of I-DMFT and its successful application in treating the charge carrier dynamics at prototypical three-dimensional donor-acceptor systems allows one to study accurately and without further difficulties problems that were previously difficult to access.
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