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Genre/Form: | Thèses et écrits académiques |
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Material Type: | Document, Thesis/dissertation, Internet resource |
Document Type: | Internet Resource, Computer File |
All Authors / Contributors: |
Amir Djoumoi; Didier Trotier; Annick Faurion; Marc Le Maire; Roland Salesse; Jean-Marie Bonny; Luc Marlier; Université Paris-Sud (1970-2019).; École doctorale Signalisations et réseaux intégratifs en biologie (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Val-de-Marne / 2000-2015).; Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard (Gif-sur-Yvette). |
OCLC Number: | 888131986 |
Notes: | Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. |
Description: | 1 online resource |
Responsibility: | Amir Djoumoi ; sous la direction de Didier Trotier et de Annick Faurion. |
Abstract:
Head traumas can cause trouble of odor perception in humans. The causes of these post-traumatic troubles can be either mechanical damage to the nasal cavity, shearing of olfactory nerve fibers or lesions of the brain regions involved in processing olfactory information.In clinical ENT, it is crucial to objectively determine olfaction functionality.We developed electrophysiological recording of olfactory evoked potentials including, in addition to the classic P2/P3 component, a cognitive component reflecting the perception of odorants i.e.: the contingent negative variation (CNV).This method was first validated with 24 normosmic subjects and 8 completely anosmic subjects (congenital anosmia without olfactory bulb). The CNV was present in all normosmic subjects whereas P2/P3 was present in only 82 % (28/34 nasal cavities stimulated) of the observations. No signal was observed in any anosmic subjects.We also examined 41 patients complaining of anosmia or hyposmia associated with a distorted perception of odorants. In most cases, these troubles were consecutive to an occipital and / or temporal impact. The recordings were compared to MRI observations focusing on the region of the olfactory bulbs which exhibited olfactory bulbs lesions and lesions in the gyrus rectus and in the medial orbital gyrus. In most cases, the two bulbs had an abnormal appearance and electrophysiological recordings showed a complete lack of functionality. However, for some patients, the abnormal aspect of the bulb did not prevent the transmission of information to the brain, as indicated by the electrophysiological responses. In this case, the bulbar lesion was associated with parosmia (distorted perception of smell) and an inability to identify odors.In conclusion, our recording method allows obtaining, for each subject, the essential information for an objective diagnosis of the existence of a smell disorder. Our study of patients with head trauma shows that the region of the olfactory bulbs is fragile and can be damaged either partially or completely, even for light head trauma.
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Related Subjects:(12)
- Crâne -- Lésions et blessures.
- Odorat.
- Potentiels évoqués (électrophysiologie).
- Imagerie par résonance magnétique.
- Variation contingente négative -- Dissertation universitaire.
- Traumatismes crâniens
- Troubles de l'odorat
- Enregistrements électrophysiologiques
- Potentiels évoqués olfactifs
- Variation de Contingence Négative
- IRM
- Anosmie