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Genre/Form: | Thèses et écrits académiques |
---|---|
Material Type: | Document, Thesis/dissertation, Internet resource |
Document Type: | Internet Resource, Computer File |
All Authors / Contributors: |
Tony Le Bastard, docteur en sciences de l'univers).; Fatima Karbou; Nicolas Gaussiat; Yvon Lemaître; Cécile Mallet; Anthony Illingworth; Marielle Gosset; Brice Boudevillain; Olivier Caumont; Institut national polytechnique (Toulouse / 1969-....).; École doctorale Sciences de l'univers, de l'environnement et de l'espace (Toulouse).; Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (Toulouse). |
OCLC Number: | 1153613949 |
Notes: | Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. |
Description: | 1 online resource |
Responsibility: | Tony Le Bastard ; sous la direction de Fatima Karbou et de Nicolas Gaussiat. |
Abstract:
The use of weather radar data to estimate rainfall accumulations is often complicated by the heightof the measurement. This is particularly true in mountainous areas where the beam is very farfrom the ground either because the radar are installed at high altitude or because the lowest elevations are partially or totally hidden or both. The method conventionally used in operationalsystems (and in particular at Météo-France) to extrapolate reflectivities to ground level, does notallow to consider some processes too complex to be modeled easily, such as evaporation orstrengthening of precipitation under the radar beam. In addition, the spatial variability of theprecipitation profiles is not taken into account, limiting considerably the performance of the rainfallestimation by the algorithm in both plains and mountainous regions. It is by identifying these gapsand limitations that this thesis was written, with the aim of developing an innovative method forestimating the rainfall accumulations. The idea is to take advantage of the ability of MétéoFrance's high-resolution nowcasting model (AROME-PI) to produce realistic precipitation profiles.These profiles are used to estimate the most probable one according to the available volume observations, and to use it to estimate the precipitation at the ground. In order to do so, we relie ona radar simulator that simulates the reflectivity from the model prognostic variables (hydrometeorcontents, temperature ...), and that takes into acount the radar beam geometry. The first part ofthe thesis focused on the implementation of a Bayesian method to retrieve the most relevantsimulated profiles of reflectivity which are then used to estimate the rainfall rates and accumulations. Two complex stratiform situations were studied to test the performance of the newscheme and to highlight the limitations of the correction currently used at Météo-France. Thesensitivity of the results to the weight given to the lowest elevations in the method as well as to thenumber of simulated profiles used was conducted. The second part of this thesis presentsimprovements brought to the parametrization of the bright band in the radar simulator while keeping the coherence with the microphysics scheme ICE3 implemented in AROME model. Thesimulated reflectivities were evaluated on different case studies. The biases identified have beenpartially corrected through the development of a suitable statistical method, allowing thedevelopment of a more robust simulated dataset. Finally, the last part of the work focused onevaluating the potential of the method in mountainous areas. First tests were carried out on anidealized case over flat areas for which the lowest elevation was deliberately hidden. There flectivity behind this fictive mask was then reconstructed and compared with the reflectivitiesactually observed. Next, the new method was applied to a convective case and a stratiform caseover mountainous areas. A three-dimensional evaluation of the performances from the quasivertical profiles of the Xport radar from IGE, the rain gauges as well as the SAFRAN reanalysis (amodel producing analysis and forecast of meteorological quantities adapted for the mountain),helped to evaluate the full potential of this new approach for estimating the rainfall accumulationsin complex terrain.
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Related Subjects:(8)
- Radar.
- Précipitations (météorologie).
- Montagnes.
- Lame d'eau
- Modèle de PNT
- PVR
- Opérateur d'observation
- Montagne